This appendix supplies the tables and endpoint choices behind Anchors of Time: Creation, the Flood, and the Conquest. The primary construction is unrounded Masoretic Text (MT) cumulative chronology, anchored at 1406 BC. Nisan is the normal reckoning; the regular comparison uses the full 430-year Egyptian sojourn. Neither the +60 Terah adjustment nor a restored second Cainan is active.
Go directly to: methods and dates · 26 lifespans · Flood and Jubilee spine · Aaron–Moses and the week · Mirror calculations · moving an anchor · source map.
A1. Methods and matched dates
Regular chronology counts years along a birth chain and incorporates the later dated events needed to reach the Conquest. Cumulative chronology places the complete lifespans along the direct ancestral line end to end. A cumulative position marks the beginning of a formal lifespan segment; it is not an ordinary birth date.
In the regular chronology, Adam’s 930-year life overlaps those of descendants. In the cumulative construction, Adam’s segment ends where Seth’s segment begins. The arrangement uses the lengths supplied by Scripture while changing how those lengths are placed.
The table compares actual, unrounded MT positions: the normal regular chronology and the primary cumulative Moses/Nisan line share the 1406 BC target. Creation is read as a symbolic week of seven years; its opening and close are kept distinct from the matched Year-6 positions.
| Landmark | Regular MT | Cumulative MT | Meaning of the comparison |
|---|---|---|---|
| Creation week | 4121–4114 BC | 14011–14004 BC | Corresponding seven-year envelopes |
| Adam’s Year-6 position | 4116 BC | 14006 BC | Matched Year-6 positions |
| Creation-week close | 4114 BC | 14004 BC | Matched closing boundaries |
| Flood | 2458 BC | 4831 BC; envelope 4836–4829 BC | Historical-event position versus formal cumulative station |
| Arphaxad’s birth / segment opening | 2456 BC | 4831 BC; envelope 4836–4829 BC | Regular birth two years after the Flood; shared cumulative station |
| Moses’ death / Conquest target | 1406 BC | 1406 BC | Fixed common endpoint |
The Year-6 checks are 4116 − 1406 = 2710 and 14006 − 1406 = 12600. The matched regular–cumulative gap is 14006 − 4116 = 9890 = 23 × 430. It is also 14004 − 4114 = 9890 at the closing boundaries and 14011 − 4121 = 9890 at the openings.
The 9900-year bridge belongs to the separately identified Rounded construction. It does not replace this actual 9890-year relationship. See the actual-bridge article and Rounded-bridge article.
A2. The 26-lifespan total
Each row’s lifespan is the distance to the next cumulative position. Subtract it from the opening BC coordinate to reach the next row. All dates below use the primary Moses/Nisan line of File 18, §6A. The final column is a formal segment endpoint, not a statement that the next person was historically born when the preceding person died.
Scroll this table sideways to see every column.
| # | Name | Lifespan | Segment opening, BC | Segment ending, BC |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Adam | 930 | 14006 | 13076 |
| 2 | Seth | 912 | 13076 | 12164 |
| 3 | Enosh | 905 | 12164 | 11259 |
| 4 | Kenan | 910 | 11259 | 10349 |
| 5 | Mahalalel | 895 | 10349 | 9454 |
| 6 | Jared | 962 | 9454 | 8492 |
| 7 | Enoch | 365 | 8492 | 8127 |
| 8 | Methuselah | 969 | 8127 | 7158 |
| 9 | Lamech | 777 | 7158 | 6381 |
| 10 | Noah | 950 | 6381 | 5431 |
| 11 | Shem | 600 | 5431 | 4831 |
| 12 | Arphaxad | 438 | 4831 | 4393 |
| 13 | Shelah | 433 | 4393 | 3960 |
| 14 | Eber | 464 | 3960 | 3496 |
| 15 | Peleg | 239 | 3496 | 3257 |
| 16 | Reu | 239 | 3257 | 3018 |
| 17 | Serug | 230 | 3018 | 2788 |
| 18 | Nahor | 148 | 2788 | 2640 |
| 19 | Terah | 205 | 2640 | 2435 |
| 20 | Abraham | 175 | 2435 | 2260 |
| 21 | Isaac | 180 | 2260 | 2080 |
| 22 | Jacob | 147 | 2080 | 1933 |
| 23 | Levi | 137 | 1933 | 1796 |
| 24 | Kohath | 133 | 1796 | 1663 |
| 25 | Amram | 137 | 1663 | 1526 |
| 26 | Moses | 120 | 1526 | 1406 |
| Total | 12600 | 14006 | 1406 |
Two checks make the entire table reproducible:
1406 + 12600 = 14006, establishing the initial position by counting backward from the target; 14006 − 930 = 13076, beginning the forward subtraction through the rows.
The line after Jacob is Levi → Kohath → Amram → Moses. Joseph is a collateral figure, not an additional row in this trunk. Joshua’s 110-year lifespan belongs to separate continuations or comparisons; it is not included in this 26-name total.
For a broader introduction to the method and its Scripture references, see Cumulative Biblical Chronology: Adding the Lifespans. The literal MT, LXX, and SP cumulative tables provide a wider comparison; the controlling current table for this article is File 18, §6A.
A3. Flood positions and the Jubilee spine
The cumulative Flood label follows the table’s architectural convention. It shares the Arphaxad-side station at 4831 BC. It therefore differs in kind from the regular Flood at 2458 BC and regular Arphaxad birth at 2456 BC.
These same-side BC subtractions compare two cumulative selections: primary Moses/Nisan positions and matched week openings. Each pair retains Shem’s complete 600-year segment.
| Cumulative selection | Shem’s segment opening | Flood/Arphaxad boundary | Span |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Moses/Nisan positions, BC | 5431 | 4831 | 600 |
| Matched week openings, BC | 5436 | 4836 | 600 |
Regular Shem references require their own stated binding. The current register distinguishes 2558 BC, the Gear-2 triad/biological reference, from 2556 BC, the elected-lineage station. The latter is not a second biological birth. Thus 2558 → 2456 gives 102, while 2556 → 2456 gives the 100-year Arphaxad-bound relation. These regular state comparisons must not be mistaken for the cumulative 600-year segment. See State Vocabulary Register, §D.44.2.
The cumulative primary line gives 5431 − 4831 = 600. Matching the week openings gives 5436 − 4836 = 600 as well. This is Shem’s full lifespan in the stacked construction, not his age when the historical Flood occurred.
The full spine uses actual cumulative MT week openings for Creation, Shem, and Flood, then Abraham’s primary Moses/Nisan position and the fixed Conquest target. Each span is a same-side BC subtraction between adjacent selected positions.
| Selected position | Role in this route | Next span |
|---|---|---|
| 14011 BC, Creation week opening | Opening boundary | 8575 to Shem |
| 5436 BC, Shem birth-week opening | Opening boundary | 600 to Flood |
| 4836 BC, Flood-week opening | Opening boundary | 2401 to Abraham |
| 2435 BC, Abraham | Primary Moses/Nisan position | 1029 to Conquest |
| 1406 BC, Conquest | Fixed target | — |
Thus 14011 − 5436 = 8575, 5436 − 4836 = 600, 4836 − 2435 = 2401, and 2435 − 1406 = 1029. The final two spans combine as 2401 + 1029 = 3430.
The products below express the selected spans in 49-year measures. The final row adds the spine’s three components, yielding the 12605-year opening-boundary route.
| Factorization | Value |
|---|---|
| 175 × 49 = 7 × 7 × 7 × 5 × 5 | 8575 |
| 49 × 49 | 2401 |
| 21 × 49 = 7 × 147 | 1029 |
| 70 × 49 = 7 × 490 = 7 × 7 × 70 | 3430 |
| 8575 + 600 + 3430 | 12605 |
These selections combine week openings with Abraham’s primary position and the fixed Conquest target. They are not one unchanged primary Moses-line sequence. On that primary sequence, the checks are 14006 − 5431 = 8575, 5431 − 4831 = 600, and 4831 − 1406 = 3425: together 12600. Its Flood-to-Abraham part is 4831 − 2435 = 2396.
The difference between 12605 and 12600 is the five years from the Creation-week opening to the Year-6 position. Likewise, the difference between 3430 and 3425 is the five years from the Flood-week opening to its primary station. No lifespan is increased.
In this article, a 49-year Jubilee cycle means the seven Sabbaths of years counted in Leviticus 25:8. Verse 10 calls the consecrated fiftieth year the Jubilee. The factorization uses the underlying 7 × 7 measure; it does not silently substitute 49 for the verse’s wording about the fiftieth year.
A4. Aaron, Moses, and the seven-year object
Aaron was 123 years old when he died on Mount Hor.
Moses’ lifespan is 120 (Deuteronomy 34:7). Replacing the terminal 120-year Moses segment with Aaron’s 123-year lifespan gives 12603, rather than 12600. This is the ordinary three-year lifespan-sum difference.
The table’s exact Aaron/Tishri track is displayed 3.5 years earlier than its Moses/Nisan track. For example, Adam’s positions are 14009.5 BC and 14006 BC; Abraham’s are 2438.5 BC and 2435 BC. The half-year is a seasonal phase relation. It is not a 124-year Aaron lifespan or a 121-year Moses lifespan.
The table keeps primary positions, integer boundaries, and exact seasonal tracks in separate rows. All Creation-side coordinates are actual cumulative MT; the whole-year partitions use BC subtraction.
| Display or measurement | Creation-side position(s) | What it expresses |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Moses/Nisan position | 14006 BC | Adam’s Year-6 position |
| Whole-year Aaron-side position | 14009 BC | Three-year branch in the integer display |
| Exact Aaron/Tishri phase position | 14009.5 BC | Separate 3.5-year phase track |
| Seven-year envelope | 14011–14004 BC | Coordinated whole-year week |
| Balanced whole-year subdivision | 14011 → 14009 → 14006 → 14004 | 2 + 3 + 2 = 7 |
| Creation-day comparison cell | 14011 → 14008 → 14006 → 14004 | Day 1 → Day 4 → Year 6 → close; 3 + 2 + 2 |
The 14009 branch node must not be relabeled Day 4; that separate comparison cell uses 14008. Similarly, 14009.5 must not be substituted for an integer boundary in the 2 + 3 + 2 partition.
For the ordinary envelope display, the primary position C has endpoints C + 5 and C − 2. These inherited table boundaries embody the coordinated Aaron–Moses and Shem treatment. They do not grant independent ±2 adjustments at each descendant. Other whole-year partitions are state-dependent; this article uses the balanced display.
Aaron dies before Moses. The repository’s terminal handling places Aaron’s death on Av 1 in its 1407 BC terminal chronology, before the autumn phase; Moses dies later, before the spring crossing of the Jordan in 1406 BC. The schematic phases 1407t and 1406n distinguish those terminal settings. A common Conquest target in the cumulative table does not make the two deaths simultaneous.
This distinction also separates actual-biography birth handling from formal cumulative positions. The preferred regular phase displays are 1530t for Aaron and 1526n for Moses, with the repository’s allowed 1529n and 1527t companion displays. The cumulative exact Aaron position 1529.5 BC belongs to its formal table track, rather than a replacement historical birth date.
The controls are File 18, §6/§6A, File 09, §0.3.1 and §3A.1, and State Vocabulary Register, §§D.44.3–D.44.4.
A5. The phase-resolved Mirror calculation
This comparison uses the regular Creation-week endpoint, rather than Adam’s Year-6 position. The Creation pair is 4115t/4114n BC. The Conquest-side pair is 1407t/1406n BC, whose reflected paired display is AD 1406t/1407n. The original BC pair distinguishes the east-side occupation at 1407t from the later west-side Jordan crossing at 1406n. The suffixes retain t = Tishri/autumn and n = Nisan/spring.
The two reflected AD positions are a formal counterpart of the Conquest pair. They are not historical claims about events occurring in those AD years. The paired reflection is also distinct from separately reflecting each date to its own numerical-year counterpart.
Ordinary civil intervals crossing BC–AD use BC + AD − 1, because there is no year zero. The same-season components check as follows:
| Seasonal component | Source endpoint | Reflected target | Civil calculation | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tishri | 4115t BC | AD 1406t | 4115 + 1406 − 1 | 5520 |
| Nisan | 4114n BC | AD 1407n | 4114 + 1407 − 1 | 5520 |
The conversion is 5520 ÷ 23 = 240, followed by 240 × 25 = 6000. The 6000 is therefore a Priestly-converted value under 25/23, not a direct 6000-year civil interval. The associated six-days-to-seventh-day-rest reading is theological interpretation.
The compressed display 4114 BC + AD 1406 = 5520 does not supply the executable civil proof. Without the phase-resolved paired state, 4114 + 1406 − 1 = 5519. Nor should the reflected target be written AD 1406n/1407t: that loses the paired seasonal relation. This comparison is not the Rounded mod-5 Mirror convention.
For the underlying rule and formal proof, see File 09, §3 and Appendix A. For a reader introduction, see Across the BC–AD Divide: How the Chronological Mirror Works.
A6. What moving an anchor changes
The full-lifespan sum is independent of where its sequence is placed. Changing the anchor translates the formal coordinates, while preserving the distances between them. It does not transform those positions into ordinary biographies.
For example, placing the same 12600-year sequence forward from regular Adam’s Year-6 position, 4116 BC, would put its terminal position at AD 8485:
4116 + 8485 − 1 = 12600.
That is a derived placement example, not a canonical future-event date. Equivalently, translating the entire primary cumulative sequence 9890 years later moves 14006 BC to 4116 BC, and 1406 BC to AD 8485: 1406 + 8485 − 1 = 9890. The arithmetic illustrates what an anchor does; the primary table retains the Conquest anchor in 1406 BC.
A separate seasonal reflection or a Key-of-23 scaling is a different operation. Either requires its own stated endpoints and convention. Neither follows merely from choosing a new starting point.
A7. Source map and further reading
The map below identifies the controlling sections for each retained construction. It distinguishes the regular Creation framework, full-lifespan table, selected-boundary spine, and exact seasonal Mirror comparison.
| Subject | Controlling source and section |
|---|---|
| Regular symbolic Creation week and Year-6 position | File 00, §3.4.4; File 22, §7.1 |
| Lifespans, ancestral line, target, exact Aaron track, envelopes | File 18, §6 and §6A |
| 8575, 2401, 1029 tripartite architecture | File 09, §1, with File 18 endpoint rows |
| Actual regular–cumulative 9890 relationship | File 22, §5 and §7.1 |
| Seven-year object and lifespan/phase distinction | State Vocabulary Register, §§D.44.3–D.44.4; File 09, §0.3.1 and §3A.1 |
| 5520 → 6000 and the reflected seasonal pair | File 09, §3 and Appendix A |
The Unified Chronology repository supplies the current source files and their amendments. The main article and this appendix select a small group of relationships from that wider architecture, with each position and operation stated explicitly.
Download the supplied person/event image index (CSV) · Download the exact HTML, CSS, JSON and PNG source bundle (ZIP). The CSV retains the original package-relative figure paths; the ZIP preserves that local file layout.
Scripture quotations: Berean Standard Bible (BSB), public domain.